Four incalculables & one hundred thousand world cycles ago, our Buddha Gotama in that existence was a hermit named Sumedha and he made the aspiration for Omniscient Buddhahood in front of the Buddha Dīpaṅkarā at that time. From then on, he received the definite prophecy from the Buddha and become a Bodhisatta(He will become a Buddha in future). Four incalculables & one hundred thousand world cycles is the minimum time needed to perfect the pāramīs to fulfill the requisites for Buddhahood. 
During this period, only 24 Buddhas appear in the world. So the appearance of a Buddha is incredibly rare. Many world cycles arise and perish without any Buddha appearing. Our current world cycle is an auspicious aeon(bhadda kappa) where the max total of 5 Buddhas will appear. Buddha Gotama is the 4th one. The last one is Metteyya.
The young maiden holding the flower is the future Yasodharā. She at that time, gave some flowers to the hermit Sumedha and made the aspiration to be his partner throughout the period of fulfilling the requisites of Buddhahood.
The full story is in the pictures of text.
During this period, only 24 Buddhas appear in the world. So the appearance of a Buddha is incredibly rare. Many world cycles arise and perish without any Buddha appearing. Our current world cycle is an auspicious aeon(bhadda kappa) where the max total of 5 Buddhas will appear. Buddha Gotama is the 4th one. The last one is Metteyya.The young maiden holding the flower is the future Yasodharā. She at that time, gave some flowers to the hermit Sumedha and made the aspiration to be his partner throughout the period of fulfilling the requisites of Buddhahood.
The full story is in the pictures of text.
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